Digestive issues are often ignored or self-treated, but persistent symptoms may signal deeper health problems. A gastroenterologist is a doctor who diagnoses and treats conditions affecting the digestive system, including the stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas, and esophagus.
What Does a Gastroenterologist Treat?
A gastroenterologist manages conditions such as:
Acid reflux (GERD)
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis)
Stomach ulcers
Liver diseases (hepatitis, fatty liver)
Gallbladder and pancreatic disorders
Colorectal polyps and cancer
If your gut issues are affecting your quality of life or refusing to go away, these warning signs may indicate it’s time to see a gastroenterologist.
1. Persistent Abdominal Pain
Occasional stomach pain is normal, but ongoing or severe abdominal pain should never be ignored. Persistent discomfort may point to ulcers, gastritis, gallstones, inflammatory bowel disease, or other gastrointestinal conditions.
2. Chronic Bloating and Excessive Gas
While bloating can be caused by diet, frequent or painful bloating that doesn’t improve may signal food intolerances, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), or digestive disorders.
3. Frequent Heartburn or Acid Reflux
Experiencing heartburn more than twice a week could be a sign of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which can damage the esophagus if left untreated.
4. Persistent Diarrhea or Constipation
Bowel habits that remain abnormal for weeks may indicate infections, IBS, inflammatory bowel disease, or other digestive issues requiring evaluation. If you experience changes in stool color, frequency, or consistency, it may be an early sign of digestive conditions that should be investigated.
5. Blood in Stool
Seeing blood in your stool is a serious symptom that should be checked immediately. It can be linked to hemorrhoids, ulcers, infections, or more serious conditions like colorectal cancer.
6. Unexplained Weight Loss
Losing weight without trying, especially when accompanied by digestive symptoms, may suggest malabsorption, chronic inflammation, or other gastrointestinal diseases.
7. Difficulty Swallowing
If you have trouble swallowing or feel like food is stuck in your throat, it can be a sign of esophageal disorders, strictures, or chronic acid reflux.
8. Persistent Nausea or Vomiting
Frequent nausea or vomiting may indicate stomach ulcers, infections, gallbladder disease, or liver-related issues that require medical attention.
9. Family History of Digestive Diseases
If you have a family history of conditions such as colorectal cancer, Crohn’s disease, or ulcerative colitis, routine checks and early specialist consultation are especially important.
Tests and Procedures Gastroenterologists Commonly Perform
To diagnose digestive conditions, a gastroenterologist may recommend one or more of the following tests or procedures:
Endoscopy: Uses a flexible camera to examine the oesophagus, stomach, and upper intestine.
Colonoscopy: Examines the colon and rectum to detect polyps, inflammation, or cancer.
Sigmoidoscopy: Focuses on the lower part of the colon.
Ultrasound and CT scans: Imaging tests to evaluate organs such as the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder.
Stool tests: Used to detect infections, blood, or digestive abnormalities.
Blood tests: Help assess inflammation, liver function, and nutrient absorption.
Biopsy: Small tissue samples taken during procedures to rule out disease.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Is it normal to see a gastroenterologist without severe symptoms?
Yes. Early consultation can help detect issues before they become serious, especially if symptoms are persistent or recurring.
Do I need a referral to see a gastroenterologist?
This depends on your healthcare system and insurance. Some hospitals allow direct specialist visits, while others require a referral.
Are endoscopy and colonoscopy painful?
These procedures are usually done under sedation, making them comfortable for most patients.
How often should adults get a colonoscopy?
Most adults are advised to begin routine screening at age 45 or earlier if there is a family history of colorectal cancer.
Can lifestyle changes improve digestive health?
Yes. Diet, hydration, stress management, and regular exercise can significantly improve digestive symptoms, though medical evaluation is still important.